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Development and Differentiation

The complex diversity of nervous cells and functional interconnections in circuits are laid down early in development and mature appropriately over time. Neurogenesis, Migration, Axon Guidance, Synaptogenesis, Formation and Myelin Maintenance, Plasticity and Learning, are some of the most important processes that constitute neurodevelopment from early embryonic stages to postnatal life, childhood and adolescence. Growth factors, Neurotransmitters and Signaling Pathways are some of the neurochemical and molecular elements that contribute to brain development and differentiation. In this section you will find information about how these different processes that participate in development and differentiation are impaired in diverse neuropaediatric disorders.

IN PARTICULAR DISORDERS

Rett syndrome and GABAertic maturation

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Adequate care for children protects their brain development

15 posts published about Development and differentiation

Brain lactate levels increase in adolescents with depression

January 25, 2017January 24, 2017 Luca Maggioni Cellular neurochemistry, Development and differentiation

The Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is an important issue for public health. It often appears during the adolescence, and, among the related consequences, suicide is the second cause of death in this age group. Despite its social relevance, however, MDD is far to be understood, and there is some lack of information about its early […]

Truncated glycine transporter 1 causes a novel subtype of NKH

November 23, 2016November 23, 2016 Luca Maggioni Development and differentiation, Neuropaediatric diseases and synapsis

Glycine is the simplest amino acid and a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Its activity is mainly inhibitory in caudal regions of CNS, but it also has a co-agonist role at a specific subtype of glutamate receptors present throughout the CNS. Extracellular glycine levels are regulated by two types of transporters, called […]

First case of hyperglycinemia due to a glycine transporter dysfunction

November 17, 2016November 17, 2016 Luca Maggioni Development and differentiation, Neuropaediatric diseases and synapsis

Glycine is one of the 20 amino acids that constitute the structure of proteins. In addition to that, glycine takes an active part in the synthesis of other molecules such as serine, heme, purine, creatine, and glutathione. Also, it acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Two main control systems regulate […]

Adenosine receptors may help neuronal regeneration

November 9, 2016November 10, 2016 Luca Maggioni Development and differentiation, Intracellular signaling, Synaptic metabolism

A fundamental step in neuronal development is constituted by the axonal growth and the dendritic branching. Many intra- and extra-cellular signals regulate this process, indeed is very important that the growth of neuronal extremities follow a precise direction in order to reach their target cells. The distal tip of the axon is a specialized structure […]

Genes, dopamine and creativity in everyday life

November 2, 2016November 1, 2016 Luca Maggioni Brain networks, Development and differentiation

The frescos of Sistine Chapel, Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, the unpredictable Leo Messi’s dribbles… these are only some examples of creativity at the highest level. But creativity is not only a prerogative of few “beautiful minds”. Every person in everyday life has to deal with common problems that require a certain dose of creativity to […]

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